International Day of Disabilities 2008: 'Dignity and Justice for all'

On December 3, 2008, the UN and the World mark International Day of Persons with Disabilities. This year also marks the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Brianna and Lindsay, 6, Jamaica. Photo: CBM/Grossman.

On December 3, 2008, the United Nations and the world celebrate International Day of Persons with Disabilities, a UN initiative to highlight the rights and dignity of Persons with Disabilities worldwide. The day will be marked at the UN Headquarters in New York and elsewhere this year with a call for the UN to work with the global community to ensure that all its work is inclusive of Persons with Disabilities.

The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities recalls the principles proclaimed in the Charter of the United Nations which recognise the inherent dignity and worth and the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family as the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world. It reaffirms the universality, indivisibility, interdependence and interrelatedness of all human rights and fundamental freedoms and the need for persons with disabilities to be guaranteed their full enjoyment without discrimination.

With this in mind, the Theme of International Day of Disabilities, which is celebrated yearly on 3 December, for 2008 is: "Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Dignity and justice for all of us." The UN aims to highlight the rights and dignity of 650 million Persons with Disabilities through a renewed commitment to the ratification and full and fair implementation worldwide of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Convention and its Optional Protocol.

This year also marks the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which shares the same theme of dignity and justice embodied in civil, cultural, economic, political, and social rights. By linking the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CRPWD) with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the message from the UN is clear: that the MDGs will not be achieved if Persons with Disabilities are not included. Therefore, efforts to achieve the MDGs and implement the Convention must be interdependent and mutually reinforcing.

Marina, Person with a disability, going to work Photo: CBM

2008 has been a significant year in the international human rights movement given the entry into force on 3 May of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol, legally-binding instruments which oblige states to promote and protect the rights of Persons with Disabilities.

The treaty asserts the rights of people with disabilities to education, health, work, adequate living conditions, freedom of movement, freedom from exploitation and equal recognition before the law. It also addresses the need for persons with disabilities to have access to public transport, buildings and other facilities and recognises their capacity to make decisions for themselves.

The Optional Protocol allows individuals to petition an international expert body with grievances. By ratifying the Convention and Optional Protocol, States commit themselves to enact laws and other measures to improve disability rights, and also abolish legislation, customs and practices that discriminate against persons with disabilities.

Several of the articles contained in the Convention reaffirm the rights of Persons with Disabilities to enjoy the same civil liberties as all members of society including the right to life, liberty and security of person and an adequate standard of living and social protection. Some of these rights are already enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

For example, Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights specifically provides that each person has “the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age, or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control". 

Article 28 of the UN CRPWD demands that State Parties take steps to safeguard and promote the realisation of the right to "access by persons with disabilities and their families living in situations of poverty to assistance from the State with disability-related expenses, including adequate training, counselling, financial assistance and respite care”.

'Dignity and justice for all': Kenya, September 2006
Photo: CBM

On this International Day of Persons with Disabilities, as well during the year-long celebration of the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the UN points out that the principles of “dignity and justice for all of us” as enshrined in this international human rights framework are far from being realised for everyone as complementary and universal, indivisible, interrelated, interdependent and mutually reinforcing principles.

For example, the approximately 10 per cent of the world’s population, or 650 million people, who have one or more disabilities, still do not universally enjoy equal recognition before the law and legal capacity, freedom of expression and opinion, the right to freedom of movement and to live in the community and to participate in political and public life.

This continued marginalisation of persons with disabilities highlights the need for all States to sign, ratify and implement the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol. How can this be realised? Article 33 of the Convention explains that States must set up national focal points governments in order to monitor implementation of the Convention's precepts. States must also set up independent monitoring mechanisms, which usually take the form of an independent national human rights institution.

Children with different impairments: cerebral palsy and hydrocephalus,in inclusive education, Tanzania. Photo: CBM.

The UN cautions, however, that: “Legislation alone will not ensure that persons with disabilities can enjoy their human rights. States will need to formulate effective policies and programmes that will transform the provisions of the Convention into practices that will have a real impact on the lives of persons with disabilities.”

Paul Deany, Advocacy Officer and Coordinator of the Australian Disability and Development Consortium, said: "As we look back on 2008, it is truly inspiring to see the giant leaps being made towards improving the quality of life for the world's poorest people with disabilities and those at risk of disability. Much work remains to be done, consequently 2009 will be a year of action on disability and development, building on the progress of recent years."

About the International Day of Persons with Disabilities
The United Nations observed the first ever International Day of Persons with Disabilities in 1992 to encourage more people to think about and act on the issues facing Persons with Disabilities. It has been taking place on 3 December ever since.

This annual observance aims to promote an understanding of disability issues and mobilise support for the dignity, rights and well-being of Persons with Disabilities. It also seeks to increase awareness of gains to be derived from the integration of persons with disabilities in every aspect of political, social, economic and cultural life.
Suggestions from the UN for the observance of the day include:
  • Involve: Observance of the Day provides opportunities for participation by all interested communities - governmental, non-governmental and the private sector - to focus upon catalytic and innovative measures to further implement international norms and standards related to persons with disabilities. Schools, universities and similar institutions can make particular contributions with regard to promoting greater interest and awareness among interested parties of the social, cultural, economic, civil and political rights of persons with disabilities.
  • Organise: Hold forums, public discussions and information campaigns in support of the Day focusing on disability issues and trends and ways and means by which persons with disabilities and their families are pursuing independent life styles, sustainable livelihoods and financial security.
  • Celebrate: Plan and organize performances everywhere to showcase - and celebrate - the contributions by persons with disabilities to the societies in which they live and convene exchanges and dialogues focusing on the rich and varied skills, interests and aspirations of persons with disabilities.
  • Take Action: A major focus of the Day is practical action to further implement international norms and standards concerning persons with disabilities and to further their participation in social life and development on the basis of equality. The media have especially important contributions to make in support of the observance of the Day - and throughout the year - regarding appropriate presentation of progress and obstacles implementing disability-sensitive policies, programmes and projects and to promote public awareness of the contributions by persons with disabilities.

Shannon Rickman,11, Jamaica. Photo: CBM/ Grossmann.

CBM and International Day of Persons with Disabilities: Access for All

The European Parliament hosted a photo exhibition to mark International Day of Persons with Disabilities. The exhibition, developed by CBM and entitled ‘Access for all’,  marked the 2008 theme of "Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Dignity and justice for all." The photos illustrated CBM's work in promoting political empowerment and access to health, education, livelihood support and social inclusion in some of the most disadvantaged communities in developing countries.

At present only an estimated four percent of Persons with Disabilities in the developing world have access to development aid; speakers at the exhibition called for increased commitment and action to equalise opportunities for Persons with Disabilities around the world. Donor countries in particular needed to honour their role in ensuring that all development and humanitarian assistance was delivered to people with disabilities on an equal footing with others, according to speakers at the opening of 'Access for All'.


Hosting the exhibition was Gay Mitchell, Irish MEP, who frequently campaigns for development aid and poverty reduction at the European level. He pointed out the struggle involved in coming to the aid of farmers in developing countries whose families lives and livelihoods are threatened by the food crisis. Mitchell added that there was 'a need to keep renewing our commitment to poverty reduction and the MDGs', and that 'nowhere is the need felt more keenly than by people with disabilities in the developing world'.

John Bowis MEP, campaigner for the inclusion of disability across all areas of EC policy, noted: 'We are not asking for people to feel sorry for people with disabilities; we see pride and dignity in the faces of people in the exhibition here today, and it is this pride and dignity that we need to respond to. Disability is not inability- inability is cased by the barriers we as a society put in place'.


Bowis noted the impact on whole families of disability, not just in the persons themselved, but for others who were needed at home to care for a family member because of poverty and inadequate support.


Richard Howitt, Chair of the Parliaments Disability Intergroup, stated his commitment to ensuring that the CRPD will be full implemented both in internal and external EC policies, pointing out
that 'the real difference worldwide caused by the UN CPPD will be in the developing world.' 

The role of the European Commission in the implementation of the Convention was acknowledged by Carlotta Besozzi, Director of the European Disability Forum, who felt that: ''One of the key components in making this difference on people’s lives in the developing world will be the strengthening of the disability movement, especially in Africa.''

Howitt added: 'Where people with disabilities do not get access to relief and protection in emergencies, or where children with disabilities are hidden away at home and denied access to education because of stigma, we must work with those countries'.

Tanja Kern, CBM's Regional Director for the Middle East, closed by reflecting on CBM's work over the past 100 years. 'While much has been achieved in working with partners in over 100 countries, huge challenges still face people with disabilities, who are denied access to basic services and left out of the development agenda- of all the children currently excluded from education, one third are children with disabilities. We cannot hope to achieve the Millennium Development Goals without including people with disabilities'. 


For further information on Access for All, please contact catherine.naughton@cbm.org



Further links on Disability and Development:

click here: International Day of Persons with Disabilities

click here: CBM and Advocacy

click here: UN.org and disabilities